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GRW Ball Bearings Functional Tests

High precision ball bearings in grades up to ABEC 9 with bores from 1 to 30mm and comparable inch dimensions

General Information

GRW Bearings FUNCTIONAL TESTS

Functional tests on the assembled bearing include noise or vibration and torque tests. The realization of these tests is necessary to ensure uniformity of the production run or to guarantee compliance with customer requirements. The basis for attaining this goal is constant monitoring of the parts for roundness and surface finish.

The testing method should be selected according to the nature of the later use.

Noise test

The abbreviation GPR given in our numbering system stands for 100% noise tested ball bearings. We test the amplitude of the vibrations generated by the ball bearings at set speeds and frequencies.

Torque test

Torque tested ball bearings are tested and packaged in rooms with a controlled atmosphere in laminar cabinets.

We recommend instrument oils with a viscosity of <14 mm2/s at 40oC for low torque bearings.

The starting torque is the torque required to start the rotation of one ring, with the other stationery. The torque is tested on a vertical shaft with axial loading.

The measurements made with the tester according to MIL-STD-206A provide very exact and reliable values. During the test the outer ring is driven and the inner ring loaded with the standard load according to the bearing size.

Due to the lack of a generally accepted standard torque comparisons of bearings of the same type can only be made in identical measuring conditions on the same measuring equipment.

Table 4 gives reference values for the maximum starting torque of µNm. These values apply for instrument ball bearings without seals P5 or ABEC5 and better, which are lubricated with instrument oil with viscosity <14 mm2/s at 40oC. The value can be 10 to 40 times greater for ball bearings with grease lubrication.

In this test the axial loading of the inner ring is 75g for ball bearings with an outside diameter up to 10mm. Ball bearings with a greater outside diameter are loaded with 400g.

The running torque is the torque which is required to keep a ball bearing in rotation. In this case together with the user we agree upon a suitable measuring method for the test.

Table 4: Maximum starting torque in µNm

Basic Type

Torque mNm

Load

g

Basic Type

Torque mNm

Load

g

Basic Type

Torque mNm

Load

g

681

15

75

695

69

400

1016

15

75

691

15

75

605

69

400

1191

15

75

68/1.5

15

75

625

69

400

1397

15

75

69/1.5

15

75

635

76

400

5/64

15

75

682

15

75

686

69

400

2380

15

75

692

15

75

696

69

400

3/32

15

75

67/2.35

15

75

626

76

400

3175

15

75

68/2.35

15

75

687

69

400

1/8A

15

75

68/2.5

15

75

697

76

400

1/8B

16

75

69/2.5

15

75

607

76

400

3967

15

75

60/2.5

16

75

627

80

400

4763A

15

75

673

16

75

688A

52

400

4763B

16

75

683

16

75

688

76

400

3/16

52

400

693

16

75

698

76

400

6350A

15

75

623

16

75

608

80

400

6350B

52

400

674

16

75

689

76

400

1/4A

60

400

684

16

75

699

80

400

1/4

70

400

694

65

400

609

80

400

7938

52

400

604

65

400

629

100

400

3/8

95

400

624

69

400

6800

80

400

   

634

69

400

6900

95

400

   

675

65

400

6000

100

400

   

685

65

400

      

We use µNm as a measuring unit. Please do not use the other measuring units given in the following table. They are only given for comparison.

Assembly of low torque bearings 

For low torque bearings in particular, great care must be taken in the choice of fits and tolerances. Shaft and housing tolerances have to be selected so that a sliding fit results. Please refer to ‘Fitting’ and ‘Reduction of RadialClearance’ for information. 

Even small misalignment of the inner and outer ring can result in great torque of the bearing. Therefore particular attention must be paid to the alignment between shaft and housing bore, as well as, to the parallelism of the mating faces. 

Extreme cleanliness of the assembly area and parts is essential, in order to achieve a perfect low torque bearing. Even minute contamination causes torque peaks, which can be many times higher than the average torque level.

Table 5: Comparison of measuring units 
 

1 mNm =

1 cmp =

1 oz.in. =

1 cNcm =

mNm

1

100

7200

100

cmp

0.01

1

72

1

oz.in.

0.000139

0.0139

1

0.0139

cNcm

0.01

1

72

1


 

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